FDDI is based on small token frames. When all stations are idle, the small token frames run along the ring. When a station has data to send, it must wait for a token to pass. Once a useful token is identified, the station absorbs it and can then send one or more frames. At this time, after there is no token ring on the ring, a new token is inserted on the ring. It does not have to be like the 802.5 token ring. Only after receiving the frame sent by itself can the token be released. Therefore, frames from multiple stations may run on the ring at any time. Figure 12 shows the token work of FDDI.
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The FDDI double ring can operate in both synchronous and asynchronous modes. In synchronous operation, the workstation can ensure a certain percentage of the total available bandwidth. The bandwidth allocation in this case is based on the target token rotation time (TTRT).
The expected token rotation time for the expected traffic on the network. The time value is negotiated during the ring initialization. For workstations with synchronous bandwidth allocation, the length of time for sending this data cannot exceed the percentage of the TTRT allocated to it. After all stations complete the synchronous transmission, the remaining time is allocated to the remaining nodes and operate asynchronously. Asynchronous methods can be further divided into restricted and unrestricted methods.
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