Guide: The government work report in 2018 sets the economic growth target to “about 6.5%â€, which is the same as the 2017 target. It does not mention “getting better results in actual workâ€, but the first urban survey. Unemployment rate and macro leverage ratio are included in the expected target.
Interpretation of the main contents of the government work report
1. The economic growth target is diminished and the quality is prioritized. The 2018 government work report sets the economic growth target to “about 6.5%â€, which is the same as the 2017 target. It no longer mentions “getting better results in actual workâ€, but the first time the urban survey is unemployed. And the macro leverage ratio is included in the expected target. Emphasizing employment orientation helps to rationally set growth targets and avoid credit and investment impulses caused by excessive pursuit of economic growth. The “basic stability of macro leverage ratio†was officially included in the government's work objectives, and prevention of financial risks will be the focus of government work.
2. The active fiscal strength has weakened and the fiscal expenditure structure has been optimized. The budget deficit in 2018 is 2.38 trillion yuan, which is the same as 2017. The budget deficit rate is 2.6%, which is 0.4 percentage points lower than that in 2017. However, considering that the fiscal over-capacity in 2017 will be carried over to 2018, The actual deficit rate is expected to remain around 3%. Under the constraints of deficit size and tax reduction and reduction, fiscal expenditures have placed more emphasis on “gathering and increasing efficiencyâ€. In 2018, fiscal policy paid more attention to the optimization of expenditure structure, increased support for the three major battles, and more inclined to innovation-driven, “three rural†and people's livelihood.
3. The monetary policy emphasizes moderate tension and no longer sets the M2 growth target. The tone of the monetary policy in 2018 is still stable and neutral. Compared with the 2017 government work report, this time it emphasizes “moderately tight†and does not set the specific target of M2 and social financing scale growth. On the basis of the general currency gate, “maintain reasonable growthâ€. Under the background of the endogenous increase of money and the gradual shift of monetary policy to price, the controllability of M2 will be worse, and the growth rate of M2 will gradually fade out of policy objectives. In addition, the report also pointed out that “use differentiated reserves, differentiated credit and other policies†to strengthen the guidance of credit structure and support the real economy.
4. Supply-side reforms focus on compensating for shortfalls and reducing costs. In the 2018 government work target, the supply-side reform is still in the first place, highlighting two points: shorting the board and reducing costs. Specifically, it includes six major measures: one is to develop and strengthen new kinetic energy; the second is to speed up the construction of a strong country; the third is to continue to eliminate ineffective supply; the fourth is to deepen the reform of “distribution serviceâ€; the fifth is to further reduce corporate tax burden; Non-tax burden. Under the circumstance that the margin of “three-going†has weakened, the focus of supply-side structural reform in 2018 has changed, mainly focusing on simple government tax reduction and fee reduction and development and growth of new kinetic energy.
5. Vigorously implement rural revitalization and regional coordination strategies. The government work report clearly proposed the development of "Internet + agriculture", increased the requirement of adding more than 80 million mu of high-standard farmland, and explored the separation of the "three powers" of homestead. Focusing on the development of the region, it proposes to dismantle the function of Beijing's non-capital, build a Xiong'an new district with high starting point and high standards, and introduce the development plan for the Greater Bay Area of ​​Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao. In 2017, the “solid new urbanization†was transformed into “improving the quality of new urbanizationâ€, and the goal of resettling the city was 13 million. The urbanization and rural revitalization went hand in hand.
6. People-oriented, benefiting people's livelihood. The 2018 government work report has specific requirements and arrangements for issues of concern to the people, such as employment, poverty alleviation, income, education, medical care, housing, social security, and ecological environment. Reflecting the adjustment of the focus of government work after the major contradictions in society, how to meet the needs of the people for a better life will be the focus of the current government.
The main points of the two sessions on the energy and power industry
1. Reduce the price of transmission and distribution, and reduce the burden of general industrial and commercial electricity prices. The government work report specifically proposes to reduce grid link charges and transmission and distribution prices, and the average industrial and commercial electricity price is reduced by 10% on average. At present, China has taken measures in the areas of government funds, transmission and distribution price reform, etc., by reducing the national major water conservancy project construction fund and the large and medium-sized reservoir resettlement support fund collection standards, canceling the urban public utilities and industrial enterprise structure adjustment special Funds and comprehensive completion of the reform of the transmission and distribution price reform. This year, it is expected that the state will continue to reduce government funds, and may adopt a policy of lowering the on-grid tariffs twice or so; grid companies will also do a good job of reducing electricity prices by optimizing the on-grid electricity structure and increasing the proportion of market-oriented transactions. Shu Yinbiao, chairman and party secretary of State Grid Corporation, said that the State Grid will implement the government work report requirements, further release the reform dividend, and reduce the burden on general industrial and commercial electricity prices.
2. Accelerate the construction of a clean energy development system. Promoting the energy production and consumption revolution and building a clean, low-carbon, safe and efficient energy system is the key to winning the battle against pollution and promoting the formation of a new pattern of harmonious development of human and nature. China is the country with the largest installed capacity and power generation of clean energy in the world, but the problem of clean energy consumption is still outstanding. Shu Yinbiao, chairman and party secretary of State Grid Corporation, proposed to continue to promote power grid technology upgrades and leapfrog development, strengthen scientific and technological innovation capabilities, and use new technologies to promote the development of new energy sources. Yan Guofu, chairman of the NARI Group, proposed that the Global Energy Internet will help build a new power system and promote the development of clean energy. It must increase investment in innovation and adhere to the innovation-driven strategy. Cao Peiyu, Chairman of Huaneng Group, proposed to coordinate the coordinated development of new energy and coal-fired clean development, and strengthen the top-level design and technological innovation of the power demand side. At the same time, innovation is conducive to the relevant policies for the development and utilization of new energy. Shi Yudong, Chairman of State Grid Sichuan Power, proposed to accelerate the development of UHV power grids and transport the abundant clean energy in the southwest to the load hubs in the central and eastern regions. Zhang Chuanwei, chairman of Mingyang New Energy Investment Holding Group, proposed to include offshore wind power development as a major national strategy to meet the needs of the people of the new era for a large amount of clean energy for a better life.
3. Accelerate the construction of new energy vehicle charging infrastructure. The government work report twice mentioned new energy vehicles: "promoting the development of new energy vehicles in smart manufacturing" and "new energy vehicle purchase tax preferential policies extended for another three years to promote new energy vehicle terminal consumption." Compared with the development speed of new energy vehicles, the construction speed of charging infrastructure is obviously lagging behind, which restricts the user experience of consumers and the popularization of new energy vehicles. Xu Heyi, chairman of BAIC Group, proposed to speed up the construction of basic charging facilities. Fang Yunzhou, vice chairman of Zhejiang Hezhong New Energy Automobile Co., Ltd., proposed to increase the charging pile facilities in the construction of rural infrastructure, increase the subsidy for rural charging piles, and introduce the subsidy policy for rural new energy purchases. East China University of Science and Technology Jinshan Science and Technology Park Management Committee Director Lan Yibo, Shanghai Automobile Group Co., Ltd. Party Committee Secretary, Chairman Chen Hong, Jiangsu Wanshun Mechanical and Electrical Group Co., Ltd. Chairman, Party Branch Secretary Zhou Shanhong, Zhongneng Guodian Group Board of Directors Chairman Wang Yili pointed out that the current power battery used in electric vehicles is mainly lithium-ion batteries. According to the standard of vehicle power usage, when the capacity of electric vehicle batteries drops to 80% of the rated capacity, it is not suitable for continued use. The direct elimination of lithium-ion batteries will cause serious waste of resources on the one hand, and on the other hand, if the recycling is improper, it will cause new secondary pollution. It is recommended to further optimize the battery ladder utilization subsidy policy, establish a power battery recycling system and access mechanism, and accelerate the formulation of laws and regulations for the recycling of new energy vehicles.
4. Strengthen the construction of rural power grids and help lay a solid foundation for poverty alleviation. The government work report proposes that this year we must vigorously implement the rural revitalization strategy, promote the all-round development of rural undertakings, improve water supply, power supply, information and other infrastructure, and build and rebuild 200,000 kilometers of rural roads. It is necessary to achieve accurate poverty alleviation and poverty alleviation, and effectively improve the living standards of urban and rural residents. Infrastructure construction such as electricity must go ahead. Shu Yinbiao, chairman and party secretary of State Grid Corporation, proposed to further increase photovoltaic poverty alleviation efforts, tilting photovoltaic power plant construction plans to more poverty-stricken areas, and prioritizing financial subsidies for photovoltaics to support photovoltaic poverty alleviation projects and benefiting more poor people; Guide and support state-owned enterprises to take advantage of the comprehensive advantages of professional technology, increase capital and resources investment, actively participate in photovoltaic poverty alleviation work, and play a leading role in the fight against poverty. The CPPCC National Committee and the Deputy Governor of Yunnan Province proposed to combine the construction of village-level poverty alleviation power stations with the implementation of rural revitalization strategies in poverty-stricken areas, and through the construction of village-level poverty alleviation photovoltaic power stations, to promote poverty alleviation, develop collective economy, and achieve precision poverty alleviation for poor villages. condition.
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