ZigBee is a short-distance wireless communication technology with low power consumption, low transmission rate and simple structure based on IEEE802.15.4. Its application in the field of automatic control is attracting more and more attention in the industry.
The term Zigbee originates from the bee colony when they discover the location of the pollen, they use a ZigZag-shaped dance to inform their companions to exchange information. It can be said that a small animal realizes "wireless" communication in a simple and convenient way. People use this to call a short-range wireless network communication technology that focuses on low power consumption, low cost, low complexity, and low speed, and it also contains meaning.
Zigbee technology is not a completely unique, brand-new standard. Its physical layer, MAC layer and link layer adopt the IEEE802.15.4 (wireless personal area network) protocol standard, but it has been improved and expanded on this basis. Its network layer, application convergence layer and high-level application specifications (API) were formulated by the Zigbee Alliance.
A low-cost device that needs wireless communication to exchange information;
The amount of data exchange is small, and the transmission rate is not high;
Very low power consumption requirements, battery-powered and need to maintain a long time;
It needs multiple (especially a large number) of devices to form a wireless communication network, mainly for monitoring and control occasions.
The Zigbee transmission distance is tens of meters, the frequency bands used are the free 2.4GHz and 900MHz frequency bands, and the transmission rate is 20kbps to 250kbps. BobHeile believes that, compared to various existing wireless communication technologies, the low power consumption and low speed of ZigBee technology is the most suitable standard for sensor networks, which will become the main development direction of Zigbee technology in the future. In addition, Zigbee's low cost, simple structure, and low power consumption make the network composed of Zigbee technology have many advantages such as power saving, reliability, low cost, large capacity, security, and strong self-healing. The network based on Zigbee technology The network structure is more flexible and free in networking and selecting network paths.
Sensor networks based on Zigbee technology are widely used and can help people better realize their dreams in life.
Smart home: Zigbee technology is applied in the digital home, allowing people to know the status of electronic equipment at home at any time. There may be many electrical and electronic equipment at home, such as lights, TVs, refrigerators, washing machines, computers, air conditioners, etc., and there may also be smoke sensors, alarms, and cameras. In the past, we may at most achieve point-to-point control. But if you use ZigBee technology, you can connect these electronic and electrical equipment to form a network, and even connect to the Internet through a gateway, so that users can conveniently monitor their own home conditions from anywhere, and eliminate the need for wiring at home Troubles. Industrial control: There are a large number of sensors and controllers in the factory environment. ZigBee technology can be used to connect them into a network for monitoring, strengthening operation management and reducing costs.
Telecom applications: At the beginning of 2006, Telecom Italia announced that she had developed a SIM card integrated with ZigBee technology and named it "ZSIM". In fact, this kind of SIM card is just a means to integrate ZigBee on the telecommunication terminal. The ZigBee Alliance also released news in April 2007, saying that members of the alliance are developing telecommunications-related applications. If ZigBee technology can really be developed in the field of telecommunications, in the future, users can use mobile phones to make mobile payments, and they can obtain some interesting information in hotspots, such as news, discount information, and users can also learn their own information through location services. position. Although the current GPS positioning service has done a good job, it is difficult to support indoor positioning, and the positioning function of ZigBee just makes up for this shortcoming.
Automatic meter reading: Meter reading may be something that everyone is familiar with, such as gas meters, electric meters, water meters, etc., every month or every quarter may have to count the readings, report to the gas, electricity or water supply company, and then based on the readings Come to charge. At present, manual meter reading is still used in most places, knocking on the door door by door, which is very inconvenient. And ZigBee can be used in this field, using sensors to convert the meter readings into digital signals, and send the readings directly to the company that provides gas or water and electricity through the ZigBee network. Using ZigBee for meter reading can also bring other benefits. For example, gas or water and electricity companies can directly send some information to users, or combine with energy saving, which can automatically reduce the use speed when it finds that energy is used too fast.
Sensor network application: Sensor network is also a recent research hotspot, such as cargo tracking, building monitoring, environmental protection, etc. have very good application prospects. Sensor networks require low-cost nodes, low power consumption, automatic networking, easy maintenance, and high reliability. ZigBee's advantages in networking and low power consumption make it a good technology choice for sensor network applications.
Medical monitoring: Electronic medical monitoring is a recent research hotspot. It can be used to monitor patients at home and observe whether the patient's condition is normal in order to respond. Install many sensors on the human body, such as measuring pulse, blood pressure, monitoring health status, and placing some monitors and alarms in the environment of the human body, such as in the ward environment, so that the physical condition of the person can be monitored at any time, once a problem occurs , You can respond in time, such as notifying the staff on duty in the yi hospital. These sensors, monitors, and alarms can form a monitoring network through ZigBee technology. Because of the wireless technology, there is no need for wired connection between sensors, and the person under supervision can move freely, which is very convenient.
Zigbee sensor network used in building automation can reduce operating costs. For example, the hotel is full of air-conditioning and heating (HVAC) equipment. If a ZigBee node is added to each air-conditioning device, these air-conditioning systems can be controlled in real time and energy consumption can be saved. In addition, by integrating the Zigbee chip on the mobile phone, the mobile phone can be used as the gateway of the Zigbee sensor network to realize automatic control of smart homes, mobile commerce (shopping with mobile phones) and many other functions. According to BobHeile, the Italian TIM mobile company has launched a Z-sim card based on Zigbee technology for communication between mobile phones and TV set-top boxes, computers, household appliances, and parking fees.
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